The Declaration made a significant conceptual leap, however, asserting not merely jurisdiction for the purpose of managing natural resources and fisheries, but that each State "possesses sole sovereignty and jurisdiction over the area of sea adjacent to its own country and extending not less than 200 nautical miles from the said coast." Freedom of navigation was restricted to "the innocent and inoffensive passage of vessels of all nations through the zone aforesaid." The United States, in contrast, claims a 12-mile boundary and jurisdiction for the management of coastal fisheries up to 320 kilometers (200 mi.) from its coast, but excludes highly migratory species. In 1952, Chile, Ecuador and Peru issued the Santiago Declaration, the first international instrument to declare a 200-mile limit. Ecuador possesses naval and aeronaval facilities along the Pacific coast and in the Galapagos Islands which are located 600 miles west of the continent.Įcuador claims a 320-kilometer-wide (200-mi.) territorial sea. UNITAS operations have underscored the joint exercises between the navies of Ecuador, the USA, and other countries, on both the Atlantic and the Pacific sides of the Panama Canal. The Navy of the Ecuador is composed of more than 8,000 brave men and women who offered their lives every day for the country, a group of people composed of officers, crew members and civil servants, serving with vocation, loyalty and professionalism in order to build a modern, efficient Navy always ready to face any adversity.Įcuador's national maritime interests are the protection of its Economic Exclusive Zone and maritime communication lines and in the case of an hemispherical threat, the navies of this region will have to share the responsibilities for protection of vital maritime communication lines.
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